a pug dog looks at the camera

Brachycephalic (Flat-Faced) Dogs

Brachycephalic dogs, often referred to as flat-faced breeds, are loved for their unique appearance and gentle personalities. However, their shortened facial structure can present specific health considerations, particularly around breathing, exercise, and heat tolerance.

At Pet Resorts Australia, your dog’s safety and wellbeing is our highest priority. This page explains what it means to be a brachycephalic dog, the risks involved, and how we carefully manage their care while staying with us.


What does “brachycephalic” mean?

Brachycephalic syndrome is a medical condition that affects dogs and some cats with short noses and flat faces. These dogs have a shorter airway, which means the structures involved in breathing are more crowded than in longer-nosed breeds.

This can make breathing less efficient, especially during exercise, stress, or warm and humid weather. In some situations, this can lead to respiratory distress or overheating if not carefully managed.


Why do flat-faced dogs struggle more with heat?

Dogs cool themselves primarily through panting, which relies on airflow and evaporation. In brachycephalic dogs, airflow is restricted due to their airway structure, making it harder for them to cool down effectively.

As a result, brachycephalic dogs are at a higher risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke, particularly in Australian weather conditions.


Common signs of overheating or breathing distress

Owners should watch for:

  • Heavy or excessive panting

  • Drooling or excessive salivation

  • Bright red tongue

  • Very red or pale gums

  • Breathing distress or noisy breathing

  • Agitation or restlessness

  • Lethargy or collapse

  • Vomiting or diarrhoea, sometimes with blood

If you notice these signs at any time, immediate cooling and veterinary attention are essential.


Brachycephalic breeds

Common brachycephalic breeds include, but are not limited to:

  • French Bulldog

  • English Bulldog

  • Pug

  • Boston Terrier

  • Boxer

  • Shih Tzu

  • Pekingese

  • Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

  • Chihuahua, apple-headed

  • Dogue de Bordeaux

  • Bullmastiff

  • English Mastiff

  • Neapolitan Mastiff

Some breeds, such as Cavaliers, Shih Tzus, and apple-headed Chihuahuas, may cope better in cooler conditions but still require careful assessment.

Cross-breed dogs

If your dog is a cross breed, we always assess them based on the most restrictive or dominant breed traits as a precaution.


How we manage brachycephalic dogs

Every brachycephalic dog is individually assessed prior to boarding to ensure they can safely participate in activities, particularly in warmer months.

Exercise guidelines

To protect their health, we strictly manage exercise based on weather conditions.

If general play is not suitable due to weather or health restrictions, your dog will still receive enrichment through:

  • Calm, controlled walks on lead within their room

  • Gentle interaction, patting, and brushing

  • Quiet enrichment activities such as ice-block treats

This ensures every dog receives attention and stimulation without compromising their safety.


Health management and prevention

To help reduce risks associated with brachycephalic syndrome, we strongly recommend:

  • Maintaining a healthy body weight

  • Avoiding overfeeding

  • Using a harness rather than a collar to reduce pressure on the trachea

  • Minimising exposure to heat and stress

Some dogs may benefit from corrective airway surgery, which can significantly improve airflow and breathing. Your veterinarian can advise if this is suitable for your dog.


A note on travel and breeding

Brachycephalic dogs are known to be at higher risk during air travel, and many airlines restrict or ban these breeds for safety reasons.

The risk of breathing issues increases as the muzzle becomes shorter. Responsible breeding practices focus on more moderate features and avoid breeding dogs with severe respiratory difficulties.


Our commitment to your dog’s safety

We understand the special care brachycephalic dogs require. Our team follows strict guidelines, monitors dogs closely, and adapts play and enrichment to ensure every flat-faced dog enjoys a safe, comfortable, and positive stay.

If you have any concerns or would like to discuss your dog’s individual needs, we are always happy to help.

For medical advice, please consult your trusted veterinarian.